E-F
From The Communities That Care WIKI
A-B C-D E-F G-H I-J K-L M-N O-P Q-R S-T U-V W-X Y-Z
Contents |
E
Effective
The preponderance of research or program findings is consistent, positive and clearly related to the action/intervention being taken. Source
Epidemiology
is the study of factors affecting the health and illness of populations, and serves as the foundation and logic of interventions made in the interest of public health and preventive medicine. It is considered a cornerstone methodology of public health research, and is highly regarded in evidence-based medicine for identifying risk factors for disease and determining optimal treatment approaches to clinical practice. Source
Environmental Approaches
Environmental approaches are one of the six strategies mandated by the SAPT Block Grant regulations. This strategy establishes or changes community standards, codes, and attitudes and thus influences the incidence and prevalence of substance abuse. Approaches can center on legal and regulatory issues or can relate to service and action-oriented initatives. Examples include TA to communities to maximize the enforcement of laws governing the availability and distribution of legal drugs; product pricing strategies; and the modification of advertising of alcohol and tobacco. Source
Environmental Factors
Environmental factors are external or perceived to be external to an individual but that may nonetheless affect his or her behavior. At a narrow level these factors relate to an individual's family setting and relationships. At the broader level, these refer to social norms and expectations as well as policies and their implementation. Source
Evidence-based strategies
(add definition)
Evaluation
Evaluation is a process that helps prevention practitioners discover the strengths and weaknesses of their activities so that they can make improvements over time. Time spent on evaluation allows groups to use money and other resources more efficiently in the future. Evaluation does not have to be expensive or complicated to be useful. Some evaluations can be done at little or no cost, and some can be completed by persons who are not professional evaluators. Local colleges and universities can be sources of professional evaluation suppport. Consider contacts in sociology, educational psychology, social work, biostatistics, public health, etc. Source
Evaluation Instruments
Specifically designed data collection tools e.g., questionnaires, survey instruments, structured observation guides, to obtain mesaurably reliable responses from individuals or groups pertaining to their attitudes, abilities, beliefs, or behaviors (Achieving Outcomes, 12/01). Source
Evaluation Plan
The systematic blueprint detailing all the evaluation aspects of a project including the database structures to manage the project data. Source
Experimental Design
A research design involving random selection of study subjects, random assignment of them to control or intervention groupos, and measurements of both groups. Measurements are typically conducted before and always after the intervention. The results obtained from such studies typically yield the most definitive and defensible evidence of an intervention's effectiveness. Source
External Validity
External validity is the extent to which outcomes and findings apply (or can be generalized) to person, objects, settings, or times other than those that were the subject of the study. Source
F
F2F
F2F is an acronym for face-to-face as in trainings and other events. The acronym is often used in distance learning to designate what is considered the highest possible bandwidth - in person.
Family Involvement and Functioning
Family management practices characterized by unclear expectations for behavior, poor monitoring of behavior, few and inconsistent rewards for positive behavior, and severe or inconsistent punishment for unwanted behavior increase the risk of drug use, violence, and delinquency Source: Arthur et al. Youth who perceive more opportunities for involvement in pro-social activities in the family are more likely to participate in such activities and less likely to use drugs Source: Arthur et al. Family Involvement and Functioning is measured by the Communities that Care constructs "Opportunities for Pro-social Family Involvement" in the Family domain protective factors and the "Poor Family Management" in the Family domain risk factors.
Fidelity
Fidelity is the agreement (concordance) between a replicated program model or strategy with the specification of the original. On a continuum of high to low, where high represents the closest adherence to the developer's design, it is the degree of fit between the developer-defined components of a substance abuse preventon interventoin and its actual implementation in a given organizational or community setting. In operational terms, it is the rigor with which an intervention adheres to the developer's model. Source
Focus Group
A focus group is a form of qualitative research in which a group of people are asked about their attitude towards a product, service, concept, advertisement, idea, or packaging. Questions are asked in an interactive group setting where participants are free to talk with other group members. Source
